A female silver studded blue butterfly (Plebejus argus) on a shrub in the Donana National Park of southern Spain.

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A female silver studded blue butterfly (Plebejus argus) on a shrub in the Donana National Park of southern Spain. P. argus has a mutualistic association with ants of the genus Lasius and uses the rockrose plant (Halimium halimifolium) as a larval host plant. The local distribution of P. argus can be predicted based on the distribution of the ant species. This photograph originally appeared on the cover of Ecological Applications (15:4) in February of 2005.

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Primary or BEN resource type	Photograph
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Format	jpeg
Temporal and geographic description	Donana National Park, southern Spain.
Ecological Core Concept	Populations -- Density and distribution Populations Interspecific interactions -- Mutualism, symbiosis, and commensalism Interspecific interactions
Drought & Water-Ecosystem Services Collection	Off
Conservation Targets Under Global Change Collection	Off
Big Data Collection	Off
Editor's Choice	No
Audience	Undergraduate upper division 15-16 Undergraduate lower division 13-14
Pedagogical Use Description	This photograph could be used to illustrate mutualisms or blue butterfly species.
Keywords	mutualism, prediction, distribution, species distribution, host plant
Key taxa	female silver studded blue butterfly, Plebejus argus, ant, Lasius, rockrose plant, Halimium halimifolium
Life science discipline (subject)	Ecology
Primary Author Controlled Name	Kenneth Klemow David Gutierrez
Primary Author Affiliation	Escuela Superior de Ciencial Experimentalas y Technologia, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Biology Program, Wilkes University
Primary Author email	dgutierrez@escet.urjc.es., kklemow@wilkes.edu
Rights	Copyright 2005 by the Ecological Society of America.
Resource Editor	Unknown
Reviewer A	Unknown
Reviewer B	Unknown
Date Of Record Submission	2008-04-09

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