A leaf shows damage caused by necrosis (cell death) and chlorosis (insufficient chlorophyll production) due to a pathogenic fungus.

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A leaf shows damage caused by necrosis (cell death) and chlorosis (insufficient chlorophyll production) due to a pathogenic fungus. Such damage reduces the photosynthetic area available to the plant. Symbiotic fungi play key ecological roles in tropical forests. Symbiotic fungi can be mutualistic or pathogenic, and they can affect the health and function of individual plants, the dynamics of population dynamics, and the structure of communities. This photograph originally appeared on the cover of Ecology (88:3) in March of 2007.

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Primary or BEN resource type	Photograph
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Format	jpeg
Ecological Core Concept	Interspecific interactions -- Parasitism and disease Interspecific interactions -- Mutualism, symbiosis, and commensalism Interspecific interactions
Drought & Water-Ecosystem Services Collection	Off
Conservation Targets Under Global Change Collection	Off
Big Data Collection	Off
Editor's Choice	No
Audience	Undergraduate upper division 15-16 Undergraduate lower division 13-14
Pedagogical Use Description	This photograph can be used to illustrate leaf damage, effects of a pathogen, a pathogenic type of symbiosis, or a visible result of plant-fungi interactions.
Keywords	leaf, damage, symbiosis, pathogen, fungus, fungi, necrosis, chlorosis, chlorophyll, cell death
Life science discipline (subject)	Ecology
Primary Author Controlled Name	Gregory Gilbert
Primary Author Affiliation	Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz
Primary Author email	ggilbert@ussc.edu
Rights	Copyright 2007 by the Ecological Society of America.
Resource Editor	Unknown
Reviewer A	Unknown
Reviewer B	Unknown
Date Of Record Submission	2008-04-08

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