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(4 classifications) (59 resources)

Interspecific interactions

Ecological Core Concept Classifications
Competition (19) Mutualism, symbiosis, and commensalism (16) Parasitism and disease (13)	Predation and herbivory (38)

Resources

		A Chilean Mockingbird (Mimus thenca), the primary vector for transmission of mistletoe (Tristerix aphyllus) to host plants in Chile. The Chilean Mockingbird (Mimus thenca) serves as the primary vector for transmission of mistletoe (Tristerix aphyllus) to its cactus host (Echinopsis chilensis) in Chile. A small proportion of the...	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		A close-up view of Aloe vryheidensis flowers with dark-colored nectar visible. Floral nectar is offered by plants to animals as a reward for pollination. Nectar is usually clear and contains sugar and trace amounts of amino acids. Colored nectar also occurs, but is less common....	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		A community of wildflowers growing in a restored prairie in southwestern Wisconsin. A community of wildflowers growing in a restored prairie in southwestern Wisconsin. The community pictured was open to foraging by meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus), resulting in vegetation...	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		A coral-dwelling goby (Gobiodon histrio), one of several species that coexists among coral by means of a competitive lottery. Habitat space is a limiting resource for coral-dwelling gobies. The species pictured, Gobiodon histrio, coexists with an ecologically similar species in the same genus, Gobiodon erythrospilus, by...	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		A female green orchid bee (Euglossa viridissima) gathers floral resins from a Clusia lanceolata plant to use in brood cell construction. A female green orchid bee (Euglossa viridissima) gathers floral resins from a Clusia lanceolata plant to use in brood cell construction. A resin mass is visible on the hind leg. Almost 200 species of...	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		*A female parasitoid wasp (Euplemus vuilletti) feeds from its host, a beetle larva (Callosobruchus maculatus).* A female parasitoid wasp (Euplemus vuilletti) feeds on its host, a beetle larva (Callosobruchus maculatus), by puncturing the beetle's cuticle with its ovipositor. The wasp creates a feeding tube to...	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		A female silver studded blue butterfly (Plebejus argus) on a shrub in the Donana National Park of southern Spain. A female silver studded blue butterfly (Plebejus argus) on a shrub in the Donana National Park of southern Spain. P. argus has a mutualistic association with ants of the genus Lasius and uses the...	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		A juvenile male Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) on South Georgia Island The Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) feeds mostly on krill (Euphausia superba). A recent found that fur seals adjust their foraging activity to track the highly variable distribution and...	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		A leaf shows damage caused by necrosis (cell death) and chlorosis (insufficient chlorophyll production) due to a pathogenic fungus. A leaf shows damage caused by necrosis (cell death) and chlorosis (insufficient chlorophyll production) due to a pathogenic fungus. Such damage reduces the photosynthetic area available to the plant....	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

		*A mycorrhizal fungus, Cortinarius favrei, grows among associated plant species in the Alaskan tundra.* Cortinarius favrei grows in the midst of dwarf birch (Betula sp.), Salix sp., Vaccinium sp., and Eriophorum sp. in the Alaskan tundra. The fruiting body (mushroom) of C. favrei is visible in the...	You must be logged in to access all resource information.	More Info

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